Reflective Thinking and Its Relationship with Autonomy among Kindergarten Teachers
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52839/0111-000-091-005Keywords:
Reflective thinking, Autonomy, Kindergarten teachersAbstract
The present research aims to identify the level of reflective thinking and autonomy among kindergarten teachers and to examine the nature of the relationship between these two variables. The research targeted kindergarten teachers working in the General Directorate of Education-Baghdad / Al-Karkh2 during the 2024-2025 academic year. The research randomly selected a sample of 100 kindergarten teachers. To achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher developed two instruments: the Reflective Thinking Scale and the Autonomy Scale, each consisting of 20 items. The results revealed that kindergarten teachers have a high level of reflective thinking and autonomy. The findings also indicated a statistically significant positive correlation between reflective thinking and autonomy among kindergarten teachers.
Downloads
References
المراجع العربية
القُـرآن الكـريم
[1] أبو ضهير، مائدة. (2022). فاعلية استخدام نموذج أديلسون للتعلم في تنمية المفاهيم ومهارات التفكير التأملي في الرياضيات لدى طالبات الصف التاسع الأساسي بمحافظة رفح (رسالة ماجستير غير منشورة). الجامعة الإسلامية، غزة.
[2] الأعسر، صفاء. (1998). تعليم من أجل التفكير. القاهرة: دار قباء للطباعة والنشر.
[3] الجابري، كاظم کریم. وصبري ، داود عبد السلام، (2013): مناهج البحث، بغداد ، دار الكتب والوثائق ط1.
[4] الجميل، توكل. (2016). فاعلية الرحلات المعرفية عبر الويب في الاستيعاب المفاهيمي وتنمية مهارات التفكير. الرياض.
[5] جوزيف ميرفي. (2000). قوة عقلك الباطن (ط1). الرياض: مكتبة جرير.
[6] عامر، إيمان. (2017). التفكير التأملي (ط1). القاهرة.
[7] عبد اللطيف، رشاد. (2009). نماذج ومهارات طريقة تنظيم المجتمع في الخدمة الاجتماعية. الإسكندرية: المكتب الجامعي الحديث.
[8] عوده، عبد الرحمن. (1998). البحوث العلمية: منهجية إعدادها (ط1). الرياض: دار المناهج للنشر والتوزيع.
المراجع الاجنبية
[1] Anderson, V. (1998). Assessing executive functions in children: Biological, psychological, and developmental consideration. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 8.
[2] Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The “What” and “Why” of goal pursuits: Human needs and self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11, 20–29.
[3] Gabel, L., Mindees, K., Hechtman, L., Ochs, E., Krane, E., Bouffard, K., & Looper, K. (2015). The marital and family of attention disorders, 8.
[4] Kaplan, H., & Guy, M. (2006). Assessing motivation in new cultures and contexts. Motivation and Emotion, 30(4), 365–376
[5] Ryan &, P. K., & Connell Isquith, G. A. (1989). Assessment of executive functioning using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF). In Handbook of Executive Functioning.
[6] Ryan, C.R., Rand, K.L. and Sigmon, D.R (2000) Hope Theory: A Member of the Positive Psychology Family. In: Snyder and Lopez, Eds., Handbook of Positive Psychology, Oxford University Press, NY.
[7] Ryan, tsermentseli1 & sarah poland, (2004): cool versus hot executive function: a new approach to executive function, encephalos 53.
[8] Snyder, C. R. (2000). Hypothesis: There is hope. In C. R. Snyder (Ed.), Handbook of Hope: Theory, Measures, and Applications. San Diego: Academic Press.
[9] Snyder, C. R. (2002). Handbook of Hope: Theory, Measures, and Applications. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
[10] Snyder, C. R., & Hamilton, N. (2008). The effectiveness of coping with pressure or pain. Journal of Health Psychology, 13.
[11] Snyder, C. R., Harris, C., Anderson, J. R., Holleran, S. A., Irving, L. M., Sigmon, S. T. (1991). The will and the ways: Development and validation of an individual-differences measure of hope. Journal of Personality, 60(4).
[12] UNESCO, (2021). ISCED 2011: Operational Manual Guidelines for classifying national education programmers and related qualifications.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Journal Of Educational and Psychological Researches

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.